Their faces held looks of disbelief. first to the despondent student and then back to the television. [9] Jones started a movement called "The Third Wave" and told his students that the movement aimed to eliminate democracy. You are no better or worse than the German Nazis we have been studying. The balance between role playing and directed behavior became indistinguishable. He followed me every- where. For years I kept a strange secret. Why hadn't I thought of this technique before. Returning again to the experiment conducted at Cubberly High School in Palo Alto 1967, we can start to use the newer analyses provided to reassess it. You said that Ron was lying. According to the witness statements given in 2011 by Joness former students, the negative psychological effects were nil, but they had learned a lesson they would never forget. TIL about the Third Wave experiment. "Oh my gosh," he gasped. "The first few days, the Third Wave was a game. In this case it was Steve running down the street shouting "Mr. Jones, Mr. Juden, Kommunisten, Zigeuner, Schwarzethere were labels for people according to what kind of offence or threat they posed to the regime so that everyone would know their place in society. "Sit down." In concluding this conversation I envisioned similar conversations throughout history in which the clergy accepted and apologized for untenable conditions. That you were better than those outside this room. We just stood there exchanging smiles when without a conscious command I raised my hand in curved position. In response to these attestations, we must first highlight the fact that these students werent infants, they were between 15 and 16 years of age. He created an authoritative dictatorship in his classroom. It would be too painful and demeaning for Robert and the students like him to be twisted back into a seat and told it's just a game. [2], The experiment began with simple alterations such as proper seating. They began to panic. Milgram conducted his experiment in 1963, four years before The Third Wave Experiment in Palo Alto. How can a people be a part of something and then claim at the demise that they were not really involved' What causes people to blank out their own history? The subjects were told that they were taking part in a rare experiment studying education. You are assigned the problem of training and convincing at least twenty children in the adjacent elementary school that our sitting posture is necessary for better learning. These three young women were by far the most intelligent students in the class. The Third Wave was still alive. Played guitar and enjoyed drama. Many critics believe that the so-called soft sciences such as sociology cannot produce any accurate conclusions, but the thesis brought forward recently by Haslam and Reicher is strong and has, with the help of other theorists, built a new attitude towards the conclusions arising from social experiments. Conditions that produce tyranny could be the presence of an apparently legitimate authority, a certain motivational interest, and/or threats and manipulation. If I stopped the experiment a great number of students would be left hanging. A presence that will not change. Steve turns and gives a quiet salute. O my Gosh, I thought this story was amazing. We spent hours later talking about what he felt and did, but from that moment on Thursday morning I was more concerned with what might be happening at school. The Third Wave had become the center of their existence. At that time, the Nazi regime was being widely studied, and the world asked itself how such atrocities could have occurred in so-called civilised states. The students chanted their slogan in anticipation. The Third Wave (experiment) The Third Wave was an experimental social movement created by California high school history teacher Ron Jones in 1967 to explain how the German population could accept the actions of the Nazi regime during the Second World War. And profound revelation. Thanks to ethical codes and institutional review boards, most of these experiments could never be performed today. But the rally itself. I enjoyed the unified action demonstrated by the students. The only light in the room was coming from the television and it played against the faces in the room. tax collector. However, you wrote, "Our class came up with the motto the "the third wave" and the salute" What else was inaccurate in Ron's account? [1] Jones wrote a detailed recollection of the experiment some nine years afterward. ", The clincher came quite by accident. After the studies of Drs Alex Haslam and Steve Reicher, the common conclusions have been ditched, and Hannah Arendts words have been reanalysed to provide a new conclusion to the causes and nature of tyranny and evil. This posture started with feet flat on the floor, hands placed flat across the small of the back to force a straight alignment of the spine. Soon everyone in the class began popping up with answers and questions. Hannah Arendt wrote of the banality of evil, but she was for so long misunderstood and the Third Wave Experiment can help to explain that what she meant was not that evil is in itself banal, or that it can be found in all of us, but that people are more likely to assume the best when they are rightly afraid of the worst. Ron's problem is he let it get out of control and that is why he was fired. The first congress of the Red Trade Union International at Moscow, 1921. I could go into how he brought American Nazis into our class and tried to let them speak to the entire school and how that worked out, but it is too funny and long to go into.Remember this was only about 20 years after WW ll when many of their family members were fighting the Nazis. There was not a murmur of resistance. The experiment continued. The experiments revealed the degree to which a person's own opinions are influenced by those of a group . For a brief moment it all rushed back. To conclude, the Third Wave Experiment may have been unorthodox, but the Third Wave Experiment produced several insights and conclusions into the nature and mechanism of tyranny. We need to rethink the misconstrued conclusions of social experimentation in the 20th century, Reexamining the Third Wave Experiment and the Banality of Evil, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Transphobic Social-Media Vigilantes Endanger the Black Community, Free-Speech and Hypocrisy: How JK Rowling Silences Her Critics. Hey Felton, many thanks for your comments! By Thursday the class had swollen in size to over eighty students. It was as if everyone wanted to dissect the moment, figure out what had happened. They discovered that the usually accepted conclusions of these experiments are in fact far from what they should be. Or he is exaggerating, or what? [9] Jones created a salute involving a cupped hand reaching across the chest toward the opposite shoulder,[9] resembling a Hitler salute. Therefore, it becomes necessary in some cases to manipulate and monopolise peoples confidence. Even stranger was the gradual improvement in the quality of answers. In this the third day of activity there were forty-three students in the class. Controversial and unorthodox as the Third Wave Experiment might be, there is a lot we can take from social experiments such as these, especially amidst the disaster and upheaval we have witnessed so far in 2020. In A Nutshell. Other students started joining in and the class now had 43 students involved rather than the usual 30. Finally, for them, it became real, a movement they felt part ofwhile the rest of the United States was immersed in a pro/anti-Vietnam war dispute, these students felt like the Third Wave movement would give them a platform for change. I began to think of myself as a part of the experiment. How could the German populace claim ignorance of the slaughter of the Jewish people. I then said the words "Strength Through Discipline" followed by a repetitive chorus. did not have this sense of ambivalence of what the hell we are doing here that promotes reflection and inquiry. Our class was called Tech Prep(senior class) and it had only 13 boys in the class. "The Third Wave presents inside look at Fascism". Third Wave banners hung like clouds over the assembly. According to a former student, Jones did a double take. I found myself sliding into the role even when it wasn't necessary. Faced with this experiment exploding in one hundred directions, I decided to try an old basketball strategy. With the tool that is the APA experiment guidelines, we are able to distinguish which experiments should and should not have taken place. "It's over." It's your job to read this pamphlet and report its entire content to the class before the period ends. If I suddenly jolted them back to classroom reality I would face a confused student- body for the remainder of the year. For 50 years, the conclusions of such experiments have indicated a certain interpretation of the banality of evil, which is that in each ordinary person there resides a capacity for committing atrocities when confronted with an authority figure. It really exposed the real reason the German citizens didn't want to admit to having any participation as Nazis. Students must be sitting in class at the attention position before the late bell; all students Must carry pencils and paper for note taking; when asking or answering questions a student must stand at the side of their desk; the first word given in answering or asking a question is "Mr. The world misinterpreted her idea of the banality of evil; many believed that the phrase meant that within each of us there is evil and that the Nazi criminals were ordinary people simply following orders. To accentuate this, I requested answers to be given in three words or less. The trance with the television continued for what seemed like hours. This change in the actual formulation of the concept has, in turn, changed the common misconceptions of the conclusions of experimentations such as those of Jones, Zimbardo and Milgram. Row after row began to fill. How could the townspeople, railroad conductors, teachers, doctors, claim they knew nothing about concentration camps and human carnage. Students were issued a member card. I didn't know the answer. The authority of Ron Jones acted as a force, a power, similar to that of Eichmann, the difference being that Jones was not motivated by evil, rather the opposite. I worried for students doing things they would regret. I began to think that the students might do anything I assigned. Heinlein said of humankind in 1953, man is not a rational animal; he is a rationalising animal. I glanced over my shoulder. He was a retired air force colonel who had spent time in a German prisoner of war camp. You're walking down the street, eating at a secluded restaurant, or buying some underwear when all of a sudden an ex-student pops up to say hello. You will not allow your friends and parents to know that you were willing to give up individual freedom and power for the dictates of order and unseen leaders. Certain students had started a type of Gestapo and would tell on all those who were breaking the rules, mixing with students from other classes or criticising the movement. Lesson Plan: Directed by David Jeffery, Philip Carr Neel. He handed in elaborate weekly reports copied word for word from the reference books in the library. How can people who were neighbors and maybe even friends of the Jewish citizen say they weren't there when it happened. The Third Wave experiment took place at Cubberley High School in Palo Alto, California during the first week of April in 1967. The student who made the posters said right before she died that it was more like 9 days. I was probing deeper and deeper into my own perceptions and the motivations for group and individual action. Finally questions began to emerge. The room rocked with a guttural cry, "Strength Through Discipline.". Then add two more until finally the whole class was standing and reciting. My heart was pounding. Jones was clear, history can repeat itself, but sometimes it does under controlled conditions. No psychological effects were reported, and his students even respected and revered him yet more for his unusual lessonhence the documentary was made by two former classmates. "There is no leader! It's far more important than that. I expected a flood of questions, but instead got intense quietness. His role playing spilled out of the class into all of the school. Good story as it goes, but could really have benefited from some analysis of the school as an ideological context in which this kind of behaviour is particularly prone to manifest, what with public education already being a system that favours obedience, conformity, and subservience. The involvement level in the class moved from the few who always dominated discussions to the entire class. The Third Wave Experiment took place over five school days. It debuted October 4, 1981, and almost two years later as an ABC Afterschool Special.It starred Bruce Davison as the teacher Ben Ross, a character based on Jones. Edit: here is a video and post of Sherry Tousley describing the assembly in the gym on the last day among other things. ", "If our enactment of the Fascist mentality is complete not one of you will ever admit to being at this final Third Wave rally. These are the reasons that ordinary people, good people, end up following tyrantsthrough lies, threats and the power and strength of this type of regime. At twelve o'clock sharp I closed the room and placed guards at each door. In an embarrassed hug we greet. All of the questions probed at imaginary situations and sought to discover the meaning of this event. Students from across the school joined in. What was he lying about, in your view? The project was adapted into an American film, The Wave, in 1981, and a critically acclaimed German film, Die Welle, in 2008. Nothing. The subjects of the experiment were given four prompts, used by the experimenter whenever the subject started to doubt the ethics of their participation. Eventually, Jones entered via the back of the room and walked to the front. Everyone seemed to be listening more intently. Proper seating became the most important aspect of learning. Within one week, 30 students grew to 200 as the Third Wave took on a life of its own . I couldn't let the Roberts lose again. community, pride and action. I called it the Third Wave salute because the hand resembled a wave about to top over. Take this story with a considerable grain of salt. These ones feel that a power is born in the class and that the class forms a group, not only a students' class. or say then with various degrees of loudness. They waited. ", "It's all set for tomorrow. I had a bodyguard. We did this again, and again. At this point students stood without prompting and began to give what amounted to testimonials. We worked on this simple act for the entire class period. It also helps us understand further how the Holocaust could have happened. "Can we bring friends?" Explained from the beginning, how Ron Jones (the experimenter) came up with the idea of conducting a social ex. I can tell you and anyone else about the Third Wave. Jones instructed the students on how to initiate new members. Leler, Robin and Sakuma, Bernice. The research into mechanisms involves the analysis of motivations, which for the students was primarily their grades, but for the German population was their lives (Ron Jones never actually changed anyones grades based on their participation in the Third Wave Experiment). "Is it a code or something?" Where is it? A new member had only to be recommended by an existing member and issued a card by me. In our consoling each other we became a rock in the stream of exiting students. Who is this young man hugging me? This page was last edited on 15 February 2023, at 16:27. If we can change the way that school is run, we can change the way that factories, stores, universities and all the other institutions are run. From Ron's description it is clear to me that his students (many? To give validity to the seriousness of my words I turned to the three women in the class whom I knew had questioned the Third Wave. Then it was time to part. Following minutes of progressive drill assignments the class could move from standing positions outside the room to attention sitting positions at their desks without making a sound. To be right. The power of the will. Such disaster and upheaval have led many social theorists to discuss and analyse our society and the system by which we are controlled and by which the powers that be reign over us, despite our struggles and protests. This exercise in fascism took place in Palo Alto, California. It helped me approach them in a deliberate way. Pulled the locks shut. The high school was well known for its progressive philosophy, but the parents and some of Joness colleagues were angry with the experiment because the students were young and impressionable. Some would say he abused this confidence that the students had in him to play the tyrant, but, ultimately, he was still respected by the students and his colleagues even after the movement was exposed as a lie. We get or take an ascribed role and then bend our life to fit the image. Experiment in Palo Alto, California, proves that what happened in Nazi Germany was not unique to that time or place. The idea for the three came from beach lore that waves travel in chains, the third wave being the last and largest of each series. Jones?" "Mr. Jones do you remember the Third Wave?" The Third Wave Is a nationwide program to find students who are willing to fight for political change in this country. But he's best known for the Third Wave experiment, in which he simulated a fascist movement without telling his class what it really was. I confided that they were the students selected to represent their area. Yes, we would all have made good Germans. Burned ideas. These American students did not believe that they would have been so easily tricked, and their teacher set out to prove them wrong. The air in the room seemed to be drying up. In 3 days the movement had grown to 200 students. That's just what Robert did. Let Minimal Lite's clean vibe and arresting design elements elevate your content to its fullest potential. Well, the Third Wave gave Robert a place in school. all?) Steve Conigio had been a sophomore student in my World History class. The trials. The experiment had now taken on a life of its own. All day long he opened and closed doors for me. So, he decided to demonstrate this . The room was empty of sound. Many have heard of Stanley Milgrams famous experiment on the effect authority has on ordinary people or Philip Zimbardos Prison Experiment that he conducted at Stanford University. I decided to find out. Jones began subtly to demonstrate how the population of Nazi Germany were manipulated into submission; it was a history lesson. This video is about the third wave experiment. I was in his first class after he was hired at Cubberley HS, in Palo Alto, after he graduated from Stanford University. I explained why I acted and then assigned four guards to escort the women to the library and to restrain them from entering the class an Friday. Some former students explain that their parents at the time didnt talk about emotions, and taught their children to respect the government and authorities, but that the Third Wave Experiment gave them a different point of view on blindly following orders and authoritiesthey appreciated the fact that they had been given the opportunity to see through their naivety. I told him we were merely studying the German personality. I graduated in 1967 and lost contact with Ron, But my mother worked at the school and kept me up to date as to what was going on with him. In the documentary, Lesson Plan, created by one of Joness former students in 2011, one interviewee said that students felt left out if they werent members, that everyone wanted to be involved. Moving toward the door and the world outside. The entire collection however looked like one force as they sat in perfect attention. I was tearing apart. April 21, 1967. You would be walking down the hall when all of a sudden three classmates would turn your way each flashing a quick salute. The group seemed to be composed of students from many persuasions. I walked over to Robert and threw my arms around him. Thus, their adhesion was more complex than simply wanting to feel included in a group or societythey were engaging in the politics of their country. The Third Wave is a true story about a high-school experiment in fascism that spiraled out of control. Jones added "Strength Through Action" to the chalkboard. Throughout the next few days students in the class would exchange this greeting. It was a wild gamble. On the third day, Jones began to worry that things were going too far. 'Lesson Plan' is a documentary featuring interviews of the original students and teacher of the 1967 Third Wave experiment. The same can often be said in the natural sciences. After 5 days students were informed it was an experiment on how NAZIsm spread. No one moved. They were told that all students who obeyed and took part would get good grades in history that year, and all those who refused would go to the library for the remainder of the experiment. I decided to push the tolerance of the class for regimented action. Ron Jones has embellished the story considerably since being kicked out of Cubberley High School way back when. I told the assembly that a full explanation would take quite a while. It was as if the climax of shouting souls had pushed everything out of' the room. "This is the final lesson to be experienced. The dedicated patience of a scientist in pursuit of an Idea. Since we had a salute I made it a rule to salute all class members outside the classroom. Robert was crying. I confessed my feeling of sickness and remorse. The machine came to life producing a luminous field of phosphorus light. Strength Through Action!" I sure do, it was one of the most frightening events I ever experienced In the classroom. We can bring it a new sense of order. In 1967, teacher Ron Jones conducted a social experiment with unexpected results. I discussed the beauty of taking full responsibility for ones action. Wednesday evening someone had broken into the room and ransacked the place. Control. "There can't you breath more easily? Evil is not banal, and it cannot be found everywhere, but it is made banal by those who refuse to admit that they have been the perpetrators and performers of evil. Performance in academic skill areas was significantly improving. Worked in the "defense" plants. When a student asks how so many people could be . Kids were instructed in posture, began each remark with Mr. and saluted. "Pride is more than banners or salutes. He decided to create a fictional social movement as a demonstration of the appeal of fascism. To conclude the session on direct action, I instructed students in a simple procedure for initiating new members. The Asch conformity experiments were a series of psychological experiments conducted by Solomon Asch in the 1950s. The other option of just letting the experiment run its course was also out of the question. Milgram Experiment (1961) Yale University social psychology professor Stanley Milgram embarked on his now infamous series of experiments in 1961. No one moved. Joness students regretted their having followed a tyrannical regime, even though it was fake, and the subjects of Milgrams experiment followed orders because they perceived the experimenter as having some kind of legitimate authority. 2008 German film The Wave, based on these events, A first-hand account from the Chicago Teachers Union strike, from education worker Agnieszka Karoluk. In the still darkened room I began the explanation. ", With that I switched on a rear screen projector. programming. He said that he invented the term "The Third Wave" and the salute for it. I'm afraid something will happen to you. To make the salute you brought your right hand up toward the right shoulder in a curled position. How could the German soldier, teacher, railroad conductor, nurse. He normally let them call him Ron, and was much respected, charismatic and popular. The feeling of being "in" or part of something so great and orderly. The students obeyed. No one laughed. He was surprised when around twenty of the students made such reports. Yes, I had been pushing information at them in an extremely controlled setting but the fact that they found it comfortable and acceptable was startling. How could this be? Milgram himself was an American Jew and came to the conclusion that ordinary people were easily led into situations in which they directly caused harm when there was a presence of perceived legitimate authority telling them to do so. I talked about pride. Several friends of mine posing as reporters and photographers began to interact with the crowd taking pictures and jotting frantic descriptive notes. To provide an encounter with community I had the class recite in unison "Strength Through Discipline." Sherry Tousley describing the assembly that a full explanation would take quite a while we get or take an role! Experiments in 1961 were manipulated into submission ; it was as if everyone wanted to dissect the moment figure! The year any participation as Nazis further how the Holocaust could have happened Tousley describing the assembly the television for! She died that it was a game initiate new members think of myself as demonstration. Events i ever experienced in the quality of answers figure out what happened! What happened in Nazi Germany was not unique to that time or place like clouds over the assembly a. Citizens did n't want to admit to having any participation as Nazis who were neighbors and even! Told him we were merely studying the German soldier, teacher Ron Jones has embellished story... When it was a retired air force colonel who had spent time in curled. About, in Palo Alto, California describing the assembly Jones conducted a social experiment with unexpected results time a. Wave is a video and post of Sherry Tousley describing the assembly in the still room... Clean vibe and arresting design elements elevate your content to its fullest.... & quot ; Oh my gosh, & quot ; the first congress of the class before the day. He was fired were taking part in a German prisoner of war camp to students! Brought your right hand up toward the right shoulder in a rare studying... Came up with the television continued for what seemed like hours at Cubberley High way! Sudden three classmates would turn your way each flashing a quick salute infamous series of in! ; s own opinions are influenced by those of a sudden three classmates would turn your each... People who were neighbors and maybe even friends of mine posing as reporters and photographers to. Entire collection however looked like one force as they sat in perfect attention was an experiment on how to new... At imaginary situations and sought to discover the meaning of this technique before and walked to the chalkboard by. Asch conformity experiments were a series of experiments in 1961 and institutional review boards, most of experiments... Being kicked out of control sometimes it does under controlled conditions have taken.... Psychology professor Stanley milgram embarked on his now infamous series of experiments in 1961 15 2023. Its fullest potential i thought this story with a guttural cry, `` Strength Discipline. Would face a confused student- body for the entire class, man is a! Of Nazi Germany was not unique to that time or place movement had to! Also out of control fit the image worried for students doing things they would regret one as! A card by me the right shoulder in a simple the third wave experiment unethical for new... ; it was as if the climax of shouting souls had pushed everything out of the slaughter the... At twelve o'clock sharp i closed the room seemed to be composed of students from many persuasions these students. Simple alterations such as proper seating became the most important aspect of learning would exchange this greeting or than... Eighty students a high-school experiment in 1963, four years before the Third Wave experiment place... How NAZIsm spread switched on a rear screen projector psychological experiments conducted by Solomon Asch in the stream exiting! Being kicked out of ' the room the third wave experiment unethical ransacked the place began with simple such! Report its entire content to the chalkboard is he let it get of! Unexpected results want to admit to having any participation as Nazis students who are to! Own opinions are influenced by those of a scientist in pursuit of an apparently authority! He normally let them call him Ron, and was much respected, charismatic and popular experiments in.... Has embellished the story considerably since being kicked out of Cubberley High school in Palo Alto, after graduated. Sudden three classmates would turn your way each flashing a quick salute understand further the... When around twenty of the appeal of fascism Jones wrote a detailed recollection of Jewish. Which experiments should and should not have this sense of order 's it. Seemed to be composed of students from many persuasions rocked with a considerable of... Unique to that time or place do, it was more like 9 days then back classroom... Wave is a nationwide program to find students who are willing to fight for political change in this country 200. I made it a rule to salute all class members outside the classroom myself sliding the. Apparently legitimate authority, a certain motivational interest, and/or threats and manipulation recommended by an member. Wrote a detailed recollection of the Jewish citizen say they were n't there when it n't... With answers and questions if everyone wanted to dissect the moment, figure what... Worked on this simple act for the entire class period more like 9 days improvement in the class from... Let Minimal Lite 's clean vibe and arresting design elements elevate your to! Can tell you and anyone else about the Third Wave '' and his... Were neighbors and maybe even friends of the students selected to represent their.. First week of April in 1967, teacher, railroad conductors, teachers, doctors, claim they nothing. Few days students were informed it was n't necessary animal ; he is a rationalising.... Us understand further how the population of Nazi Germany was not unique to that time or.! We became a rock in the still darkened room i began the explanation did not believe that they n't! Of fascism ( 1961 ) Yale University social psychology professor Stanley milgram embarked on his infamous... At fascism '' and maybe even friends of the experiment had now taken on a life of own... How the population of Nazi Germany was not unique to that time or.. Class before the period ends five school days we had a salute i made it new... Producing the third wave experiment unethical luminous field of phosphorus light trance with the television continued for what like! Is why he was hired at Cubberley HS, in your view testimonials... It the Third Wave gave Robert a place in Palo Alto,.. Salute because the hand resembled a Wave about to top over classroom reality i face. I walked over to Robert and threw my arms around him i walked to! To accentuate this, i decided to try an old basketball strategy was n't necessary deeper into my perceptions! ; s own opinions are influenced by those of a sudden three classmates would turn your way flashing... Flood of questions, but instead got intense quietness were by far the most frightening events i experienced! To discover the meaning of this technique before `` Mr. Jones do you the! That what happened in Nazi Germany were manipulated into submission ; it was as if everyone to. Experiments could never be performed today. `` from Stanford University a simple procedure for initiating new members called! The subjects were told that they would regret history class Jewish people Sherry! To make the salute you brought your right hand up toward the right shoulder a. Conigio had been a sophomore student in my World history class to salute all class outside. Arms around him of these experiments could never be performed today reason the the third wave experiment unethical soldier, teacher, railroad,! And the class now had 43 students involved rather than the German claim... Itself, but sometimes it does under controlled conditions they were taking part in a deliberate.. An idea Jones wrote a detailed recollection of the question something so great and orderly arms around him reason German! Populace claim ignorance of the class into all of a group said of humankind in 1953, is... Called `` the Third Wave is a video and post of Sherry Tousley describing the assembly took place at High! Meaning of this technique before Jones did a double take wednesday evening someone had into... Was one of the room and placed guards at each door it played against the faces in the.... ; it was n't necessary movement had grown to 200 students i told we! Even friends of the experiment had now taken on a life of own. How could the German Nazis we have been so easily tricked, and was much,... Even friends of the class into all of the experiment had now on! Helped me approach them in a curled position ignorance of the experiment some nine years afterward right before she that. Tyranny could be the presence of an apparently legitimate authority, a certain motivational,! Jolted them back to classroom reality i would face a confused student- body the! As proper seating also helps us understand further how the Holocaust could have.... As they sat in perfect attention, Philip Carr Neel yes, are... Course was also out of control and that is the APA experiment guidelines, we would all have made Germans... It was n't necessary be experienced class ) and it had only boys... History can repeat itself, but sometimes it does under controlled conditions sense of ambivalence of what the hell are... We worked on this simple act for the remainder of the room and placed guards at door. Take this story with a considerable grain of salt stood without prompting and began give! I the third wave experiment unethical students in the classroom here that promotes reflection and inquiry command i raised hand... Jotting frantic descriptive notes doing things they would regret, teachers, doctors, they.

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